Will Architecture Firm Leaders Ever Budge Against Unionizing Employees?

A recent win for workers stateside and a high profile protest abroad are drawing eyes to the particular tensions of organizing in the industry.

2025 wasn’t a great year for architects. Billing continued to dwindle. In the penultimate month of the year, Trump "deprofessionalized" architecture, a change that will affect higher ed funding for the worse. After a year of sad trombone sounds, building collective power amongst precarious workers has become even more urgent: As business slows, firm leaders attempting to undercut competition by reducing their workforce and overloading whoever remains has become common practice. Yet two pieces of good news this month may provide cause for hope, with architectural workers in the United Kingdom and the United States standing in solidarity and even scoring a win, too. Firms leaders should take notice. These recent battles expose the tensions that are inherent to building a business dependent on creative minds. As the industry’s stresses put pressure on firms to innovate or perish, junior staff are urging their bosses to recognize that valuing their humanity is an asset in creating cutting-edge design—not a liability.

This past week, per the Architect’s Newspaper, workers at Bjarke Ingels Group (BIG) took to the streets of rainy London to protest the firm’s decision to lay off more than 70 workers who were hired to work on a now-cancelled project (Dezeen reports that the project in question is located in Saudi Arabia; there’s some speculation that it’s one of many cancelled or suspended projects driven by crown prince Mohammed bin Salman’s Vision 2030). More than half of BIG’s London staff are part of the Section of Architectural Workers Union, though as they await formal recognition from management, BIG’s London office announced "mass redundancies" late last year; the protest was a reaction to the combination of these cuts, and BIG’s recent alleged $10.2 million payout to shareholders (though a representative from BIG called this sum "false"). Workers are demanding six months of pay to those who lost their positions and urging management to recognize the union. As many of those designers are reportedly working on visas, potentially forcing them to relocate or return to their home countries, union demands also include "fair redundancy terms for workers who relocated to London on skilled visas," per AN

The observation deck SUMMIT One Vanderbilt, designed by Snøhetta, is a popular tourist attraction in New York City.

The observation deck SUMMIT One Vanderbilt, designed by Snøhetta, is a popular tourist attraction in New York City.

Photo by James D. Morgan via Getty Images

Back in New York, another big name practice has been in the spotlight for their own anti-union actions: Three years ago, after a tumultuous organizing period, workers at Snøhetta’s New York office lost their union vote and eight employees were subsequently terminated. Those workers filed a complaint with the National Labor Relations Board, alleging that they were discriminated against for organizing. Earlier this month, the NLRB affirmed that belief; as reported by the New York Times, the firm leaders were accused by the federal board of discouraging employees from engaging in protected unionizing activity, as well as "interrogating employees about their union sympathies or activities."

The industry would be pretty foolish to shrug off this news—in their ruling, the NLRB made public some damning emails shared between Snøhetta’s leadership. Hell Gate reported that one director compared the unionizing effort to the "‘conditioned-reflex therapy’ scene at the end of A Clockwork Orange" and besmirched unionizing employees, continuing, ‘I’m astonished by the diversity of detachments from reality the iPhone generation has gleaned from the recently digitized, remote industrial manufacturing of reality our erstwhile art has, at scale, become." Say that last sentence 10 times fast—or, as I had to, read it 10 times over. This director seems to bemoan the state of their "art" as having succumbed to the demand for rapid production while demeaning those who seek to fix at least some of the ramifications of those demands. It’s pretty embarrassing, frankly.

Architect Bjarke Ingels’s firm has offices in six countries.

Architect Bjarke Ingels’s firm has offices in six countries. 

Photo by Maria Jose Lopez/Europa Press via Getty Images

It doesn’t take revealing internal emails to show one’s ass, either; after all, Ingels has also raised the issue of rapid production and architectural artmaking. In a 2025 talk hosted by acoustics company Rockfon focused on the future of architecture, Ingels described an ethos that speaks to the humanity of an end-user, an architecture that is "generous toward the city." But in a twist, he responded to a question about AI in the field, stating that "someone who graduates from architecture school today, who has a lot of will and intent, could actually have the force of 700 [designers] at his or her fingertips simply by being very good at working with AI." He took it a step further in an interview posted to Instagram by an AI-powered architecture software company a couple months later, where he likened his interactions with his cadre of employees—which took him 25 years to amass as a team—to inputting a prompt into an AI interface.

Having compared his collaborations with colleagues to machine learning, it would come at no surprise then that he would treat his workers as interchangeable widgets, but it sounds like both Snøhetta and BIG are both grappling with the demands of technology, production, and artistry in their practices. Whether firm leaders want to hear it or not, creating a workplace where their designers are dignified through compensation and job security might just help them outpace their competition. Sadly, too many are content with lowering their profession’s own standards—treating salaried designers as 1099 workers, hired and fired en masse by shortsighted leadership to keep their business model competitive in an era of endless industry tumult and resulting concessions. Of course, to dig themselves out of this hole would require firms to collectively decide that intentionally recognizing the humanity of their workforce is what yields a thriving creative practice; whether or not they want to take the reins of their own profession is a test of how committed they are to artistry over capital. 

Top photo courtesy of SAW-Unite. 

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Will Architecture Firm Leaders Ever Budge Against Unionizing Employees?

A recent win for workers stateside and a high profile protest abroad are drawing eyes to the particular tensions of organizing in the industry.

2025 wasn’t a great year for architects. Billing continued to dwindle. In the penultimate month of the year, Trump "deprofessionalized" architecture, a change that will affect higher ed funding for the worse. After a year of sad trombone sounds, building collective power amongst precarious workers has become even more urgent: As business slows, firm leaders attempting to undercut competition by reducing their workforce and overloading whoever remains has become common practice. Yet two pieces of good news this month may provide cause for hope, with architectural workers in the United Kingdom and the United States standing in solidarity and even scoring a win, too. Firms leaders should take notice. These recent battles expose the tensions that are inherent to building a business dependent on creative minds. As the industry’s stresses put pressure on firms to innovate or perish, junior staff are urging their bosses to recognize that valuing their humanity is an asset in creating cutting-edge design—not a liability.

This past week, per the Architect’s Newspaper, workers at Bjarke Ingels Group (BIG) took to the streets of rainy London to protest the firm’s decision to lay off more than 70 workers who were hired to work on a now-cancelled project (Dezeen reports that the project in question is located in Saudi Arabia; there’s some speculation that it’s one of many cancelled or suspended projects driven by crown prince Mohammed bin Salman’s Vision 2030). More than half of BIG’s London staff are part of the Section of Architectural Workers Union, though as they await formal recognition from management, BIG’s London office announced "mass redundancies" late last year; the protest was a reaction to the combination of these cuts, and BIG’s recent alleged $10.2 million payout to shareholders (though a representative from BIG called this sum "false"). Workers are demanding six months of pay to those who lost their positions and urging management to recognize the union. As many of those designers are reportedly working on visas, potentially forcing them to relocate or return to their home countries, union demands also include "fair redundancy terms for workers who relocated to London on skilled visas," per AN

The observation deck SUMMIT One Vanderbilt, designed by Snøhetta, is a popular tourist attraction in New York City.

The observation deck SUMMIT One Vanderbilt, designed by Snøhetta, is a popular tourist attraction in New York City.

Photo by James D. Morgan via Getty Images

Back in New York, another big name practice has been in the spotlight for their own anti-union actions: Three years ago, after a tumultuous organizing period, workers at Snøhetta’s New York office lost their union vote and eight employees were subsequently terminated. Those workers filed a complaint with the National Labor Relations Board, alleging that they were discriminated against for organizing. Earlier this month, the NLRB affirmed that belief; as reported by the New York Times, the firm leaders were accused by the federal board of discouraging employees from engaging in protected unionizing activity, as well as "interrogating employees about their union sympathies or activities."

The industry would be pretty foolish to shrug off this news—in their ruling, the NLRB made public some damning emails shared between Snøhetta’s leadership. Hell Gate reported that one director compared the unionizing effort to the "‘conditioned-reflex therapy’ scene at the end of A Clockwork Orange" and besmirched unionizing employees, continuing, ‘I’m astonished by the diversity of detachments from reality the iPhone generation has gleaned from the recently digitized, remote industrial manufacturing of reality our erstwhile art has, at scale, become." Say that last sentence 10 times fast—or, as I had to, read it 10 times over. This director seems to bemoan the state of their "art" as having succumbed to the demand for rapid production while demeaning those who seek to fix at least some of the ramifications of those demands. It’s pretty embarrassing, frankly.

Architect Bjarke Ingels’s firm has offices in six countries.

Architect Bjarke Ingels’s firm has offices in six countries. 

Photo by Maria Jose Lopez/Europa Press via Getty Images

It doesn’t take revealing internal emails to show one’s ass, either; after all, Ingels has also raised the issue of rapid production and architectural artmaking. In a 2025 talk hosted by acoustics company Rockfon focused on the future of architecture, Ingels described an ethos that speaks to the humanity of an end-user, an architecture that is "generous toward the city." But in a twist, he responded to a question about AI in the field, stating that "someone who graduates from architecture school today, who has a lot of will and intent, could actually have the force of 700 [designers] at his or her fingertips simply by being very good at working with AI." He took it a step further in an interview posted to Instagram by an AI-powered architecture software company a couple months later, where he likened his interactions with his cadre of employees—which took him 25 years to amass as a team—to inputting a prompt into an AI interface.

Having compared his collaborations with colleagues to machine learning, it would come at no surprise then that he would treat his workers as interchangeable widgets, but it sounds like both Snøhetta and BIG are both grappling with the demands of technology, production, and artistry in their practices. Whether firm leaders want to hear it or not, creating a workplace where their designers are dignified through compensation and job security might just help them outpace their competition. Sadly, too many are content with lowering their profession’s own standards—treating salaried designers as 1099 workers, hired and fired en masse by shortsighted leadership to keep their business model competitive in an era of endless industry tumult and resulting concessions. Of course, to dig themselves out of this hole would require firms to collectively decide that intentionally recognizing the humanity of their workforce is what yields a thriving creative practice; whether or not they want to take the reins of their own profession is a test of how committed they are to artistry over capital. 

Top photo courtesy of SAW-Unite. 

Related Reading:      

The First Private Sector Architecture Union in the U.S. Ratifies its Agreement

Will Mamdani’s "Rental Ripoff" Hearings Help Tenants, or Be More Venting Into the Void?

The Divisive Plan to Build Luxury Prefabs on Burned Coastal Malibu Lots

The Mowbray brothers, entrepreneurs from New Zealand, are purportedly leveraging their toy-empire fortune to import 16 factory-built homes from China.

After the Palisades Fire destroyed more than 700 homes in Malibu, a buying spree rippled along the city’s iconic California coast. Sixteen of the 300 beachfront lots damaged in the blaze have now been purchased for nearly $100 million by Nick and Mat Mowbray, billionaire brothers from New Zealand.

The brothers made their fortune by founding global toy company Zuru, which has been repeatedly accused of copying competitors’ designs; in the early days they knocked off a light-up frisbee, and later, made a dart gun resembling one made by Nerf. Today, the Hong Kong–based company is evolving into a vertically integrated consumer-products machine, selling everything from diapers to pet food.

The Mowbrays’ latest business venture, however, is luxury prefab homes, which they plan to build on the 16 lots. Nick Mowbray says Zuru Tech manufactures homes in China and ships globally, a strategy meant to create homes quickly and more efficiently than traditional construction. "How do we solve a much, much, much bigger kind of global problem?" he said in an interview with independent business journalist Madison Malone on her YouTube channel, Business with Madison, in June of 2025. "Construction and property development is the biggest part of global GDP. But it’s been done the same way for hundreds and hundreds of years."

Whether the brothers have prior experience with homebuilding—in California or elsewhere—is unclear. If they have built a single home, it is hard to find evidence it exists; there are currently no permits filed for the 16 properties in Malibu. The brothers have not responded to request for comment.

The Mowbrays’ buying spree and proposed plan for prefab construction has locals closely watching their next steps. "I think it’s intriguing, what they’re trying to do," says Malibu Mayor Marianne Riggins, a lifelong resident since 1968, who remains open-minded about their impact. Malibu City Councilman Steve Uhring isn’t as inviting. "I think as we get further down the line, everybody’s gonna realize the boys from New Zealand are billionaires, they’re in it to make money," he recently told ABC 7.

Across Malibu and the Pacific Palisades, rebuilding efforts in the aftermath of the 2025 fire have varied, and there hasn’t been a one-size-fits all solution. Developers, including the Mowbrays, have purchased around 44 percent of burned lots in Malibu, according to a report by Redfin. At least one grassroots effort has taken a "herd immunity" strategy, with neighbors rebuilding their homes from the same fire-resilient materials to protect entire blocks from future fires.

The Mowbray brothers have purchased 16 coastal lots in Malibu for nearly $100 million, saying they want to build luxury prefab homes.

The Mowbray brothers, entrepreneurs from New Zealand, have purchased 16 coastal lots in Malibu for nearly $100 million, saying they want to build luxury prefab homes.

Photo by Myung J. Chun / Los Angeles Times via Getty Images

Prefab and modular homes are a popular way to rebuild in the wake of natural disasters for their promise of speed and affordability. "After the Woolsey Fire in 2018, a handful of people used modular construction" to rebuild, says Mayor Riggins. "So it’s not a new idea." Foundations can be poured while homes are built in a factory, design phases are streamlined, and installation relies on fewer trades. Designs often tout fire resiliency, too; several companies Dwell has covered have promoted their homes specifically for this purpose.

But in Malibu, prefab construction can be plagued by permitting delays. According to Ben Uyeda, a designer, architecture professor, and cofounder of the Reset Hotel in Joshua Tree, which was built with modular construction, prefab builders often face two permitting tracks instead of one: one for the site and another for the factory-built structure. The Mowbrays reportedly estimate it will take 18 months for the permitting process alone before they can begin construction on-site, though it isn’t immediately clear what that timeline consists of.

"It’s intriguing that someone with deep pockets is [building with prefab] because they can sort of take the risk on an assessment more like an entrepreneur than a typical real estate developer," Uyeda says, referring to the Wild West nature of importing entire houses from foreign territory. That also means dealing with more government entities, which can translate to more red tape. In addition, modular housing falls under state—not city—building codes, and "there are cases when a state agency is stricter than local agencies, and local agencies aren’t always that used to dealing with state agencies," says Uyeda. He built Reset Hotel domestically, but says he still faced longer timelines than expected because of choosing to build with modular construction.

The Mowbrays are reportedly aiming to have their first two homes completed by 2027, with all 16 finished by 2029. Other outside developers have been purchasing multiple lots in Malibu, too, which Mayor Riggins does find concerning; as of January of 2026, only 22 building permits had been issued. But whether luxury prefabs or stick-built homes, "it really doesn’t matter who it is that’s purchasing the property," says Riggins. "As long as the people that are living in that property want to be part of the community."

Top photo by Allen J. Schaben / Los Angeles Times via Getty Images

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From the Archive: A Dilapidated Garage Down a Hill Became a Playful Retreat for Kids

Architect Cary Bernstein cleared out the spiders, carved out some extra square footage, and ensured there’d be ample storage space for toys and art supplies.

Welcome to From the Archive, a look back at stories from Dwell’s past. This story previously appeared in the June 2008 issue.  

Among the quirks of living in a city built on hills is that your garage—should you be lucky enough to have one—may reside on a street far removed from your front door. For one family living in San Francisco’s Eureka Valley neighborhood, hopping in the car means heading through the kitchen and out the back door, traversing the garden, and ascending a flight of stairs to an alley of similarly detached parking structures.

The garage once sat atop a storage shed that housed a pile of rubble, several species of spiders, "and a cacophony of ad hoc foundations," says Cary Bernstein, the architect who oversaw the transformation from arachnid haven to children’s playroom. The garage’s dilapidated state provided the impetus to carve out some usable space below, and, for Bernstein, the chance to create a rapport between the 1908 house and the outbuilding.

Photos by David Duncan Livingston

Part of Bernstein’s unification plan called for a flow of like materials across the divide, such as ipe decking and anigre casework in both kitchen and playroom. A deck just outside the kitchen door used for alfresco dining descends three steps to a courtyard, where Bernstein had previously replaced a patch of lawn with sandstone pavers (more hospitable to small wheeled vehicles) while carefully protecting two of the primordial-looking tree ferns. Bitty plantings along each side were changed out for lush, green walls—fast-growing Podocarpus and climbing jasmine—that define the architecture of the outdoor room. Picking up across the courtyard, the ipe decking crosses the playroom threshold and continues inside with an interior-grade version. The proverbial borders between indoors and out are further blurred when the playroom’s Nana folding doors are pushed open.

The house’s verticality—1,850 square feet on three levels—helped dictate the renovation, since the children (now four and six) used to play on the lower level, neither seen nor heard. Directly across from the kitchen windows, the new playroom confers just the right balance of independence and proximity. There is plenty of storage for toys and art supplies, and a magnetized chalkboard wall encourages temporary exhibitions. Playful but sophisticated, the room was designed to evolve with the family, and defies the Disneyfied palette that makes adults gnash their teeth. When not doubling as a trampoline, a queen-sized Murphy bed offers respite to overnight guests, as does the wine cellar, which is below grade and thus stays naturally cool. The door to the left of the chalkboard leads to a washing-up room. 

Overhead, the garage’s aluminum and laminated glass door differentiates it from the painted wood ones on the alley. "Sure, it could have been a Sheetrock box," muses Bernstein. "But as the house’s most frequently used point of entry, it deserved the same architectural respect." Before the engine is even turned off, three windows pull one into the domestic setting with framed views of the house. "It’s a pleasant transition," says Bernstein, of the interplay between indoor and outdoor spaces. The visual connection continues during the trek downstairs, which is guided by an ipe wall on one side and the garden-reflecting laminated glass of the garage on the other. Sheltered but not severed from the elements, one can see clouds and stars through the skylight.

"There is no jarring contrast between the two buildings," says Bernstein, who had previously removed the mullions from inside the Craftsman house, expanding the doors and windows for a greater connection to the outdoors. Indeed, the "decidedly modern" new form, clad in painted wood siding, sits easily amongst its elders. Says Bernstein, "It was really gratifying to pull up one day and overhear someone say, ‘Isn’t this the prettiest garage in the whole alley?’"

Photo: Sharon Risedorph

The King of Købenstyle Cookware Just Got a New Owner

Food52 sold Dansk to Form Portfolios, a company that produces archival designs. Here’s what it plans to do with the legendary brand.

Dansk, the midcentury kitchenware brand famous for its colorful enamel pots, now has a new home. Form Portfolios, a boutique firm that specializes in managing designers’ archives, has purchased the company from Food52 for $250,000.

Form Portfolios was founded in 2016 and has offices in Rhode Island and Copenhagen, and has been managing the archive of Dansk’s original designer, Jens Quistgaard, since 2023. It now plans to build on the brand’s legacy by reintroducing never-before-seen pieces by the late designer. "We are honored to bring the warmth and timeless quality of Dansk to a new generation that values living with modern design in their homes," says Mark Masiello, founder and CEO of Form Portfolios.

The late Danish artist and designer Jens Quistgaard led the creative vision for Dansk when it was founded in 1954.

The late Danish artist and designer Jens Quistgaard led the creative vision for Dansk when it was founded in 1954.

Courtesy of Form Portfolios

A vintage ad for the brand shows its beloved enamel cookware.

A vintage ad for the brand shows its beloved enamel cookware.

Courtesy of the Dansk Design Archive

The acquisition expands Form Portfolios’s roster of classic and contemporary designers and architects, which includes works by Louis Kahn, Charles and Ray Eames, and Gianfranco Frattini. At Salone del Mobile in 2023, in a partnership with Cassina, Form debuted Galaxy, a light designed in the late 1940s by Ray and Charles Eames that had never been put into production.

Food52 acquired Dansk in 2021 from Lenox Corporation, hoping to expand its own physical line and revitalize the Danish homeware brand. Form Portfolios’s announcement of the acquisition comes as Food52 was sold earlier this week for $10.3 million at a bankruptcy auction following its Chapter 11 filing, which broke up the company.

Form Portfolios showed a retrospective of Quistgaard’s work at 3 Days of Design in Copenhagen.

Form Portfolios showed a retrospective of Quistgaard’s work at 3 Days of Design in Copenhagen in 2024.

Photo by Sofie Hvitved

See the full story on Dwell.com: The King of Købenstyle Cookware Just Got a New Owner
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Eichler Homes Inspired This Denver Midcentury Seeking $925K

Two architects revamped the ’50s residence, which has tongue-and-groove ceilings, large windows, and a low-slung, matte-black facade.

Two architects revamped this ’50s residence, which has tongue-and-groove ceilings, large windows, and a low-slung, matte-black facade.

Location: 4721 E Idaho Place, Denver, Colorado

Price: $925,000

Year Built: 1956

Renovation Date: 2025

Renovation Architect: Joey Pruett with A21 Design

Footprint: 2,128 square feet (4 bedrooms, 2 baths)

Lot Size: 0.21 Acres

From the Agent: "Remodeled, lived in, and stewarded by a pair of architects, this residence reflects the belief that life is better in a well-designed modern home. The living room features a fireplace centered in the west-facing window wall, with access to a secluded side patio tucked behind a concrete breeze block wall. A walnut-and-glass divider defines the space while highlighting a rare feature for this style of home: a basement. The expanded primary bedroom offers a walk-in closet with wood built-ins. Japanese-inspired rock gardens and hardscaping pair with xeriscape plantings and a wildflower garden, creating a tranquil outdoor environment designed as a seamless extension of the home. The basement offers a second living area."

The wooden accents are made from walnut.

The home’s wooden accents are made from walnut.

Photo by Daniel Jenkins

Photo by Daniel Jenkins

Photo by Daniel Jenkins

See the full story on Dwell.com: Eichler Homes Inspired This Denver Midcentury Seeking $925K
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This $5.8M Park City Residence Is Designed for Winter Sports

Who needs the Winter Olympics when they’re at home?

10525 N Liv Place, Lot C-10 in Park City, Utah, is currently listed at $5,800,000 by Julie Wood and Christina Parra Baheri at Summit Sotheby’s International Realty.

This four-bedroom luxury cabin at Velvære pairs modern chalet design with unobstructed views of Deer Valley and Jordanelle Reservoir. Floor-to-ceiling windows frame the landscape, while a gourmet kitchen with top-tier appliances, outdoor terrace, floating steel-and-wood staircase, private elevator, and heated driveway deliver effortless mountain living.

Designed with wellness at its core, the residence is finished with natural, low-VOC materials, advanced water and air filtration, and spa-inspired limestone baths. Located across from The Well—Velvære’s peak-performance and wellness clubhouse—it offers seamless access to restoration and world-class skiing.

Explore additional three- to five-bedroom residences and custom estate homesites: Velvære is a private, gated enclave of just 115 residences, discreetly set into the slopes of Deer Valley East Village and serviced by the Neptune Express high-speed chairlift. Owners ski directly to the lift—bypassing base areas, plazas, and day-skier traffic—for first tracks, efficient laps, and seamless full-mountain access. State-of-the-art snowmaking ensures dependable ski access all winter long.

Ownership includes exclusive access to over 22,000 square feet of amenities across two private clubhouses, including a ski beach with après lounge and valet, outdoor pools and hot tubs, dining and lounge spaces, Technogym fitness, Aescape massage, steam and sauna, yoga studio, full-service spa, game room, multi-sport simulator, zen garden, and private boat club access on the Jordanelle Reservoir. 

On-demand transportation connects owners to East Village, Main Street, and year-round recreation. Ski access begins this winter, with both clubhouses anticipated to open in spring 2027.

Listing Details 

Bedrooms: 4 

Baths: 4 full, 1 partial 

Square Feet: 3,414 

Plot Size: 0.11 acres

Courtesy of Summit Sotheby's International Realty

Courtesy of Summit Sotheby's International Realty

Courtesy of Summit Sotheby's International Realty

See the full story on Dwell.com: This $5.8M Park City Residence Is Designed for Winter Sports
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